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  3. Issue 3 (9)

  • Some Aspects of Pedagogical Education Establishment in Russia in the First Half of the XIX Century

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Alexander N. Pozdnyakov
    Work direction:
    Education Policy
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the article is to review some aspects of pedagogical education establishment in Russia in the first half of the 19th century. The author outlines that the period of the reign of Emperor Alexander I was characterized by a large-scale educational reform, the purpose of which was to create a single multi-level education system. Its implementation required a large number of teachers. It is emphasized that the solution of the problem of training teachers for gymnasiums was entrusted to the universities. Gymnasium, in turn, had to prepare teachers for primary schools. During the study the following methods and materials were used: analysis of documentary sources, assessments on the development of Russian education, published in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. It is concluded that state structures attached great importance to the system of pedagogical education. Measures on training teachers for secondary and primary schools were taken. It is pointed out that the most important place has begun to be occupied by activities related to the training of teachers for the primary public education system. The existing system of pedagogical education was developed during the reign of Nicholas I. Its most important component was the Main Pedagogical Institute established in Saint Petersburg.
    Keywords:
    educational reform, universities, gymnasiums, pedagogical education
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  • Application of a Correctional and Developmental Program to Reduce Aggression in Adolescents With Moderate Mental Retardation

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Yulia V. Shorokhova, Tatyana A. Dorofeeva
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the problem of aggressive behavior of adolescents with mental retardation. Attention is paid to this problem because children with mental retardation due to aggressive behavior and inability to control their own emotions, are maladapted in the behavioral sphere, which leads to problems throughout socialization. It is outlined that it is difficult for such children to find friends and there are problems in communicating with adults, which in later life will have a very harmful effect on the self-consciousness of children. That is why it is necessary to find ways to solve this problem. For this purpose, a correctional and developmental program has been developed. It will help to reduce the level of aggression in adolescents with moderate mental retardation. This article describes in detail the structure of the programme, as children with moderate mental retardation tend to forget quickly understood, the software takes into account this feature and for each class there is a revision of exercises replacing one by new one. The article also provides an example of one lesson from the correctional and developmental program, which provides a visual representation of the content of correctional and developmental work, as well as describes the diagnostic work. The term of its implementation is specified, as well as the age target. Methods. Analysis of psychodiagnostic techniques that allowed us to determine the degree of severity of the studied emotional state, experiment, observation and comparison. The experiment was conducted on the basis of MBEI "Secondary school of Idrinskoye", which involved 15 pupils (4 girls and 11 boys) with mental retardation from 6 to 9 grades, aged 12 to 15 years. Results. When using various methods, adolescents in the test group have a decrease in the frequency of aggressive behavior. It is also noted that children are less likely to use abusive language to express their emotions.
    Keywords:
    correctional and developmental program, mental retardation, aggressive behavior, correction, socialization, reducing aggressiveness, problem behavior
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  • Experience in the Use of Scripting Languages in Distance Learning: Advantages and Disadvantages

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Pavel V. Budanov, Natavan Z. Musaeva, Anatoliy V. Budanov
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the consideration of scripting languages (scripts) used in distance learning. The aim of the research is to assess the satisfaction of distance learning (DL) participants and identify the advantages and disadvantages of the main platforms using scripting languages. Research methods. In the article, based on 3 years of experience in using tools for DL, the positive and negative aspects of the use of various scripting languages (scripts) for organizing distance learning and teleconferences are reviewed. The sample size is represented by a three-year period, during which 5,712 teleconferences were held. The questionnaire responses of 2500 participants were analyzed. The sections of the assessment dealt with the satisfaction of the DL participants and the functionality of the script tools. Results. The majority of participants were satisfied with the use of BigBlue Point, Jitsi, Zoom systems. The interviewees indicated the need for registration (49%) and the mandatory download of the application (42%) as the main shortcomings. It is concluded that absolutely reliable criteria for choosing a platform, which is associated with a large number of specific factors and tasks, have not been identified. It is emphasized that creation of domestic products seems to be a promising area of activity for developers.
    Keywords:
    distance learning, script, teleconference
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  • Use of the Complex Motivation Principle in Teaching Foreign Languages to Pupils at the Initial Stage of a Comprehensive School

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Lusine R. Mikaelyan, Olga G. Oberemko
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article discusses the issues of teaching a foreign language through the prism of the complex motivation principle. The motives of students at the initial stage of training in mastering a foreign language are analyzed. Some possibilities of using the complex motivation principle are given. Observations of students’ activities as well as their survey are presented. A classification of students’ motives based on their answers is proposed. Based on the results of observations of students’ educational activities, as well as their motives, recommendations on the organization of educational activities of teachers using the complex motivation principle are put forward. For the optimal use of the complex motivation principle, the teacher’s actions are described. Among them: to find out the goals, motives and needs of students, to form their intellectual need for knowledge, to take into account the degree of interest and responsibility of students and to correlate the possibilities of various linguodidactic means with the motivational sphere of students. A number of games aimed at the formation of lexical skills and the development of speaking skills, bearing in mind the various motives laid down in the essence of these games, assuming that the game is the leading type of activity are proposed. Method of research. The research is based on methods of collecting information, namely, monitoring the pedagogical process, analysis of scientific literature on the topic, the method of expert judges, a survey. The results of the study were subjected to qualitative analysis and experimental verification. The results of the study proved the effectiveness of the proposed classification of motives for optimizing the educational process of teaching English. After using motivational tasks, the overall level of students' learning, interest and motivation to learn, and the ease and accuracy of performing speech actions increased.
    Keywords:
    motive, learning, game, educational activity, complex motivation
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  • Regional Educational Space and the Regional Education System: the Relationship of Concepts

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Galina S. Berezhnaya
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article deals with the study of regional characteristics of education. The purpose of the research is to clarify the categories of “regional educational space” and “regional system of education”, as well as to determine their relationship. The main research method is the analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature on the problem. The author proposes to consider pedagogical regionalology as a scientific and theoretical basis for a comprehensive study of the education of the regions. Pedagogical regionology is presented as a direction integrating pedagogical, socio-philosophical and socio-psychological, geographical, historical, socio-economic aspects of studying the system of education. The definitions of the concepts “regional educational space” and “regional education system” are clarified, their interconnections and correlations are revealed. Тhe author concludes that these concepts are close and related, but not identical. The regional educational space is widely considered as the totality of all natural, socio-economic characteristics of the territory in their relationship with education. The regional system of education is presented as a component of the educational space of the region, which has a regulatory status and institutional organization. The structure of the regional system of education is presented from the standpoint of a functional approach. It is concluded that the socio-economic characteristics of the region affect the regional system of education, and education system, in turn, changes the territorial organization of public life.
    Keywords:
    education, regional educational space, regional system of education, pedagogical regionology, regional studies
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  • Hanoi Students’ Copping With COVID-19

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Trung Hoc Hoang
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the consideration of COVID-19 that is a dangerous pandemic in the world, broke out in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It is outlined that the prevention of the spread of COVID-19 greatly depends on the consciousness of population, including students studying in Universities in Hanoi. The aim of the study is to find out the characteristics of students’ reaction in Hanoi to the COVID-19 pandemic in three aspects: awareness, emotions and action. Methods. During the study the following methods were used: a survey method to determine the characteristics of students' copping with COVID-19. 395 University students were interviewed. Among them students studying at the National Academy for Educational Management; University of Social Sciences and Humanities; Hanoi Polytechnic University; Hanoi State Pedagogical University. The survey results are listed using the SPSS statistical program. The research results show that the students of universities in Hanoi have a proper awareness, appropriate response in disease conditions, expressed in cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects. Besides, some students still have subjective expressions, excessive anxiety and negative response behaviors. The results of study show important psychological bases, establish meaningful experiences to develop effective prevention and control copping strategies for COVID-19 and the pandemics like COVID-19 in future.
    Keywords:
    COVID-19, fight, copping with COVID-19, students’ copping with COVID-19
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  • Influence of Modern Electronic Information Sources on Quality of Education of Student at History Department

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Tatyana A. Abramova, Alyona V. Nikulina
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article explores the use of modern information technology by modern students studying at history department in the search for the necessary information. The work focuses on the ability of a student studying at history department to use the capabilities of the provided resources of the Internet correctly. It implies the ability to navigate electronic versions of libraries, archives and other sites of cultural and historical organizations, as well as the ability to select reliable information, which can sufficiently facilitate the search for high-quality material for writing all kinds of scientific papers. As a result of the analysis of statistical data regarding the popularity of the use of information offered by Internet resources, it was revealed that this topic is relevant nowadays. As a research task, the authors made an attempt to assess the nature of the use of Internet resources by students at the present stage. As a result, it was revealed that this issue has a number of contradictions. Methods of research. A significant part of the study is the description of reliable Internet resources that students studying at history department can use. These include the official sites of libraries, archives and museums. The results of the study showed that with the correct use of Internet resources offered on the World Wide Web, you can quickly find the necessary information and save time. It is concluded that nowadays it is necessary to continue developing the sites of cultural and historical organizations for the positive impact of electronic information sources on the quality of education, and it is also essential to build the information competence of students studying at history department.
    Keywords:
    information technology, Internet, information, students, electronic libraries, electronic museums, electronic archives, websites of organizations, resources, search
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  • Schematization in Teaching Philosophy to Students With Non-Philosophy Majors

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Elena A. Fominykh
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The problem of using schemes and schematization for teaching philosophy is discussed in the article. The purpose of the article is to analyze methodical aspects of schematization when teaching philosophy to students with non-philosophy majors. Methods of research. During the study, the analysis of study guides containing schemes and tables was carried out. Some problems of schematization, its strengths and weaknesses are defined. Work with schemes at classes and independent work is considered. Special attention was paid to methodical recommendations on schematization. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were made about difficulty of using schemes when teaching philosophy. It is outlined that schematization can simplify a philosophical problem so far as to distort it, but it can also foster learning new educational material. Analysis of study guides containing schemes and tables presents a substantial difference between them as well as variations of applying them in learning process. Schematization can be used for systematizing learning materials, development of critical thinking, seeking and implementing solutions. The author emphasizes effectiveness of supplying schemes and critical analysis, making schemes by students at individual and group work. It is concluded that schematization is taken as an effective method of teaching philosophy to students with non-philosophy majors.
    Keywords:
    teaching philosophy, independent work, visualization, scheme, schematization
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  • Methodological Typology of Grammar Content of German as a Minor Language With English as a Major Language

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Elena P. Glumova, Valeria A. Sukhareva
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article under consideration addresses problems of teaching grammar (with German as a minor language and English as a major language) in modern Russian schools. Method of research. In order to solve the problems, the authors propose a methodological typology of the content of teaching grammar in 5th grade with English as a major language on the basis of training and methodology complex “Horisonte”, taking into account the difficulties in mastering grammatical material. This typology was created using the following methods: analysis (during looking for the content), synthesis (at the stage of creating a grammatical typology of the German based on English) and forming of hypotheses (in results of the research). Result of the research. As a result of grammatical typology, the grammatical units for the 5th grade in “Spotlight” Student’s book are divided into three unequal groups. This fact simplifies the perception of the material by pupils during the intensification of the educational process and helps to build the educational process so that both languages studied by pupils are mastered at the proper level and using an intercultural approach. Conclusions. The importance of the research lies in forming system of German as a minor language for learning it in Russian schools and in the even distribution of power and time while teaching German as a minor language.
    Keywords:
    methodology, German as a minor language, English as a major language, training and methodology complex “Horisonte”, methodological typology, grammar content, secondary school, typology
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  • Application of Digital Technologies in Preschool Education. Storytelling Technology for Learning English

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Inga V. Dziuina
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article examines the modern capabilities of using digital technologies in the preschool education system. The use of these digital technologies under present-day conditions is simply necessary due to the fact that preschoolers today represent a new generation, for which the use of various gadgets and applications is an everyday routine. It is outlined that the use of digital technologies in the education system and the provision of diversity in teaching methods, changing activities and the development of children’s desire to master virtual tools and teaching methods contributes to increasing children’s interest in the learning process and develops their motivation in educational activities. The article focuses on the relevance of the use of digital storytelling technology in the study of English by preschoolers. The author of the article comes to the conclusion about the effectiveness of this technology, talks about the stages of preparation for the successful implementation and use of storytelling technology in English lessons, and also offers resources that will help teachers to implement the technology in the educational process. The author shows the advantages of using digital storytelling technology, makes recommendations on its combination with other educational technologies in order to ensure the diversity in pedagogical approaches being used as well as to improve the learning of material and maintain the constant cognitive interest of preschoolers in the English language.
    Keywords:
    preschool education, digital technologies, lesson, storytelling, learning English, method of teaching
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  • The Ability to Understand and Create Descriptive Texts and Essays as an Indispensable Condition for Organizing the Environment for Language Development

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Julia A. Arskaya, Akhmed A. Mamedov
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the text as a multifaceted concept that a pupil is faced with both when perceiving the educational content and producing his / her own oral and written answers. The emphasis in the article is made on the two most frequent types of speech used in various school subjects, that is description and reasoning. The purpose of the work is to systemize the philological knowledge about the text, its kinds and methods of its creation, since it is necessary to know for organizing the environment for language development. During the study the following methods were used: comparative method, generalization, comparison, systemization, theoretical analysis of research and methodological literature on text theory, stylistics, genre studies and methods of teaching Russian. As a conclusion specific features for describing an object and a portrait of a person are presented; the main types of classification are introduced and principles of their building-up are formulated. A special attention in regard to the essays is paid to the laws of logic. Various examples from school text books are given. It is concluded that taking into account all the achievements accumulated in the theory of text, stylistics, genre studies, as well as methods of teaching Russian for creating an environment for language development, will allow teachers to improve the perception of tasks by students and will contribute to the formation of skills for creating written and oral answers.
    Keywords:
    text, environment for language development, description, reasoning, classification, laws of logic
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  • Revisiting the Role of Environmental Education in Eco-Friendly Awareness Formation

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Ekaterina V. Petrova
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the analysis of the role that environmental education and upbringing play in the formation of eco-friendly awareness and thinking. The author outlines that at the moment, it is becoming clear that it is impossible to overcome the ecological crisis exclusively by technical means. It is also noted that the creation of a system of environmental education and upbringing is one of the most important ways to overcome the environmental crisis. The result of the work of such a system should be the formation of a developed eco-friendly awareness among all age and social groups. Theoretical bases. The features of environmentalism and the principles of eco-friendly awareness formulated by N.F. Reimers are reviewed; the main requirements for modern environmental education are analyzed. Special attention is paid to ecological culture in the philosophy of ecology. The scientific and educational projects in the field of ecology aimed at the exchange of experience and practical skills between the older and younger generations are described. As part of the course "History and philosophy of science" at the Institute of philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, postgraduate students of biological specialties are taught a course on the basics of bio-and ecophilosophy to develop a holistic worldview in the field of science under study. It is concluded that environmental education contributes to the development of eco-friendly awareness, ecological culture and eco-friendly thinking, which is the most important condition for overcoming the environmental crisis and the harmonious coexistence of humanity and nature.
    Keywords:
    ecological consciousness, environmentalism, biophilosophy, ecophilosophy, ecological culture, environmental education
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  • Music Education in Krasnoyarsk as a Resource Factor for Building the Civic Solidarity: The Situation by the Outbreak of the War

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Yulia A. Kolpakova, Nina P. Shutova
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analytical review of various sources that reveal the role of music in Krasnoyarsk by the outbreak of the war. A hypothesis: interdependence of cultural and social events and their mutual influence during a period of increased social tension could be observed. Methods. During the study the following research methods were applied: cultural-historical, axiological, continuous sampling, descriptive methods and elements of statistical research. Materials published on the pages of the Krasnoyarsk periodicals for 1937–1941, as well as scientific works about music education and music culture by various outstanding scientists were used. Results. It was proved that music education by the outbreak of the war is considered a foundation for the realization of ideological and educational purposes. And it is also outlined that The Great Patriotic War set new challenges in the cultural life of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in general and Krasnoyarsk in particular. It is concluded that music education is considered a resource for the national solidarity building. Due to such a strong foundation, music education at the beginning of the war was able to fulfil an ideological function while concert musical activities were used as a tool for creating of civic identity.
    Keywords:
    civic identity, cultural life in Krasnoyarsk at the beginning of the war, music education in Krasnoyarsk
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  • Multi-Level Complex Tasks in the System of Assessment Tools (On Example of a Physics Course)

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Olga V. Plotnikova
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The article discusses the problem of forming a system of assessment tools in the context of modular competence-based learning. The aim of the research is to find the optimal means for assessing the level of competence formation. In author’s opinion, one of the abovementioned means is complex tasks that include several multi-level components. Based on the analysis of ways to solve this problem, presented in the scientific and pedagogical literature, the author offers criteria for selecting tasks for the formation of a system of assessment tools aimed at diagnosing the level of formation of necessary competencies, shows the role of complex tasks for such diagnostics. Using the example of the physics course, their possible structure and the problems solved by individual elements of this structure are reviewed. Examples of such tasks are given, and it is shown that they allow to diagnose the level of formation of individual elements of competence, adjust teaching methods and motivate students to work actively, seek out additional information, promote awareness of the importance of discipline as a professional one. The results of the research generalize the personal experience of teaching physics at the Far Eastern Federal University and can be used by university teachers in creating their own system of assessment tools.
    Keywords:
    competence-based learning, a system of assessment tools, levels of competence formation, complex tasks, physics course
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  • Opportunities to Optimize Social and Psychological Adaptation of Elementary School Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Inclusive Education

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Elena Y. Borisova
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The results of testing the model of psychological and pedagogical support for elementary school children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities who are studying in inclusive education are presented in the article. The main target groups and activities of specialists within the framework of the implementation of this model are identified, and the possibilities of using applied behavior analysis in the organization of support are determined. The importance of interaction of all subjects of the educational environment in creating the conditions necessary for successful socialization of children is updated. Research methods and materials: observation, comparison, analysis of testing the model of psychological and pedagogical support for children with intellectual disabilities. Testing was carried out on the basis of 7 educational organizations in Yoshkar-Ola and rural settlements of the Republic of Mari El. The study involved elementary school children studying in a resource class at a secondary school. Methods of assessment and schemes for identifying the level of social and psychological adaptation of elementary school children are reviewed. Research result. Positive dynamics of indicators of social and psychological adaptation could be observed. The following indicators were improved: emotional and volitional sphere, behavior in general, interaction with peers. All those components characterize the emotional and behavioral components of social competence. It is concluded that testing the model of psychological and pedagogical support for school children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities, based on the cooperation of all subjects of the educational environment, is effective and advantageous.
    Keywords:
    social adaptation, inclusive education, social competence, socialization, elementary school children with intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorder
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  • Information and Communication Technologies in Modern Education: Basic Concepts

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Natalia A. Grinchenko, Timofej S. Kolodnij
    Work direction:
    Theoretical and Applied Education Research
    Abstract:
    The authors outline that the main trend in modern education, both in Russia and in the world as a whole, is the digitalization and informatization of the educational process. This leads to disagreements in understanding the potential of this phenomenon, as the main factor, affecting the comprehensive and systematic development and self-development of a modern student’s personality. In turn, this is due to the diverse interpretations of the terms, included in this area of the knowledge, by other sciences without taking into account the specifics of the educational process, which prompted the authors to undertake the study. The purpose of the article is to review the basic concepts, related to the informatization of modern education in Russia, as well as to describe the trends in the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process, their role in the formation of the information and educational environment of an educational institution. Methods. The main research method is the analysis of literary sources and regulations, related to the field of information technologies application in education, on the basis of which the authors consider and generalize different concepts. Results. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are drawn about the importance of information and communication technologies and the information and educational environment as the main factors in the modernization of the educational process. However, the importance of combining the traditional teaching methods with methods, based on the use of innovative technologies without a fundamental change in the educational paradigm was emphasized.
    Keywords:
    information and communication technologies, ICT, information, digital technologies, information and educational environment
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  • The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Teaching Economics to Students in Basic School

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Timofey A. Vasilenko
    Work direction:
    Education System in Russia
    Abstract:
    The author of the article outlines that the problem of teaching methods is one of the most important in pedagogical science and practice of school teaching, since teaching methods are the main tools with which a tutor teaches the basics of science to students, develops their cognitive abilities, ensures personal development and forms a scientific worldview. The article formulates the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the educational process. The pedagogical experiment of using ICT in teaching economics to primary school children is described. The purpose of the research is to form economic knowledge in primary school children using information and communication technologies. Method of research. The following methods were used in the study: comparison, analysis, observation and experiment. The experiment was conducted among 24 schoolchildren who were divided into a control and experimental group. A variety of ICTs were used: an interactive whiteboard, reference and multimedia Internet resources, social networks, various messengers, presentations made in the Microsoft Power Point program, as well as using the Prezi service. Research result. In the control group, the average level of economic knowledge increased by more than 40%. The number of schoolchildren with an average and high level of economic knowledge in the experimental group increased by 3 and 2.5 times. Conclusions are made about the possibility of using ICT in teaching economics to school children.
    Keywords:
    information and communication technologies, education, teaching economics, basic school, pedagogical experiment
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  • Functional and Language Features of Nicknames of German-Speaking Users of Humorous Internet Sites

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Elena V. Zakharova
    Work direction:
    Practice
    Abstract:
    The author of the article outlines that nicknames represent a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in virtual communication, which has been the subject of many contemporary studies. However, some aspects of this phenomenon, as well as the spheres of the Internet in which nicknames function, remain insufficiently explored. The aim of the work is to solve the question whether nicknames of users of entertainment sites have special structural, semantic and functional features that distinguish them from users of other resources. To solve the above-mentioned question an attempt to identify and describe the features of nicknames of only one specific area – German-language humorous websites has been made by the author of the article. Methods. In the course of the research, the following methods were applied: structural analysis, statistical method, descriptive method, observation, comparison, generalization, systematization and interpretation, as well as the method of quantitative experimental data processing. Results of the research. In the course of the research more than 200 nicknames were collected and analyzed according to various criteria: by their language affiliation, by structural and semantic methods of their creation, by age and gender of the users. The author supposes that nicknames should be considered in the context of the particular Internet resources, as the discursive specificity of sites determines, first of all, the semantic feature of nicknames. It is emphasized that the main function of humorous websites is humor and entertainment, so the dominant motives for creating nicknames will be laughter and principled lightness. The author also pays special attention to the fact that unlike other types of nicknames, humorous virtual names are not intended to arouse interest and sympathy, but perform primarily identifying and pragmatic functions.
    Keywords:
    internet communication, nicknames, humorous discourse
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  • lexical Means of Language Personality (Based on the Material of Speeches by American Politicians)

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Irina S. Golovanova, Elena V. Bolotova
    Work direction:
    Practice
    Abstract:
    The authors of the article outline that in modern linguistics, the role of human character in language and speech is studied, new concepts such as the conceptual picture of the world, language portrait, speech portrait, the ratio of language and speech, etc. are defined. The relevance of the article is presented in the linguistic description of the speeches by politicians of the Republican party in connection with the increased international interest in political life. The language features of speeches by American politicians are reviewed. The goal-directed factor of the research is to determine the lexical features of political speeches that characterize representatives of the Republican party as well-known political figures. Methods. Accordingly, the description of the lexicon of politicians, which acts as a lexical analysis in this work, is the main method of research, which is inextricably linked with semantic analysis. The language base for the research is English-language publications, such as The Guardian, the Washington Post, and the New York Times. The results of the study are associated with the identification of words used in political speeches that show the attitude of Republicans to the needs and values of American society, special abbreviations, expressions related to political, military, and social spheres of activity. It is concluded that the lexical and semantic characteristics influence the formation of ideas about the communicative and personal qualities of politicians.
    Keywords:
    lexicon, thesaurus, discursive behavior, semantikon, language personality, language portrait
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  • Organization of Project Work of Elementary Schoolchildren in Familiarization With Traditional Festive Treats in Popular Culture

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Natalya A. Zhestkova
    Work direction:
    Practice
    Abstract:
    The author of the article pays special attention to the project method that has great potential for the formation of a certain system of intellectual skills and practical skills in schoolchildren, which contribute to the mastery of the activity component of the education content. It is outlined that the use of the project method in working with elementary schoolchildren implies four stages: organizational and preparatory, technological, generalizing, reflexive. It is also emphasized that the specificity of the implementation of each stage, due to the age characteristics of the schoolchildren, involves leadership in the joint search for the problem and the choice of ways to solve it; ensuring that every child is included in the planning and performance criteria for product development, consistent implementation and adequate evaluation; organization of reflexive work on understanding the process and results of individual and group productive and creative activities at organizational, preparatory, technological and generalizing stages; management of the project product design and evaluation processes. Methods. On the example of the creative project “Traditional festive treats in popular culture”, practical recommendations for organizing the project work of elementary schoolchildren as a mental prediction of what will then be created in the form of a project product, independent planning and time-fixed achievement of the goal are presented. Results. It was concluded that in elementary school age, project activities are a way of pedagogically organized development of the surrounding reality by the child, therefore its success is largely determined by the level of methodological preparation of the teacher.
    Keywords:
    project, project activity, stages of project product creation, conditions of successful project activity of elementary schoolchildren
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  • Development of Pupils’ Cognitive Interest Within the Framework of Cognitive Learning

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Author:
    Irina V. Izhdeneva
    Work direction:
    Practice
    Abstract:
    The article actualizes the modern requirements for the quality of training schoolchildren in the framework of the new state standards in the field of education, describes the basic features of cognitive learning, analyzes the rules for the use of the concepts of “cognitive interest”, “cognitive activity”, and “cognitive learning”. Materials and methods. The material of the research is theoretical and empirical observations on the problem of the development of the cognitive interest of modern schoolchildren in the context of cognitive teaching in computer science. The analysis of the work of modern teachers made it possible to identify basic ideas and project them onto the learning process, taking into account the capabilities of the modern educational environment. Results and discussion. The author outlines that modern Russian education, focused on the development of universal learning activities and competencies of pupils, is in the process of reforming. It is also emphasized that the set of the analyzed approaches to defining the concept of cognitive interest made it possible to actualize the possibilities of cognitive learning and highlight its features. From the standpoint of the effectiveness of the development of cognitive interest, some methods, techniques and means of cognitive learning are described, the use of which in the educational process can contribute to a better preparation of pupils. Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion that the set of requirements for modern graduates of educational institutions involves the development of innovative teaching technologies by teachers, their possession of such competencies that will make it possible to qualitatively organize the educational process, while developing a positive attitude of pupils to learning.
    Keywords:
    cognitive interest, methods of forming cognitive interest, cognitiveness, cognitive learning, cognitive styles
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  • Modern Opportunities of Using Blockchain Technology in the Education System

    Research Article
    Development of education No 3 (9)
    Authors:
    Andrey A. Litvin, Sergey V. Korenev, Ekaterina G. Knyazeva
    Work direction:
    Analysis and Reviews
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the blockchain technology that that has been booming in recent years. The purpose of the article is to review the literature on the modern possibilities of using blockchain technology in the education system. A brief description of blockchain technology is given, modern directions for its development are put forward. The article analyzes the possibilities and prospects of using blockchain to solve some problems in the education system, describes the features and advantages of using blockchain technology in the field of education that are known today. The positive changes in the educational process, which may result from the use of this technology are defined. The article discusses the shortcomings and problems associated with the use of blockchain technology in education. Methods and materials: a systematic search of literature on Google Scholar databases was performed, works on the use of BT in education were reviewed, and materials on blockchain technology in education that are available on Research Gate were analyzed. The authors outline that most projects using the blockchain in education are under development. Currently, there is already data on the implementation of blockchain technology in the form of confirmation of the authenticity of documents on education, a student’s personal card, confirmation of accreditation of an educational organization and intellectual property, student identification. Results. 67 papers were identified in the Google Scholar database and 80 publications in the eLibrary database. A large number of online conversations on the topic under study were revealed, and 25 publications turned out to be full-text journal articles. The authors noted that every day there are new articles, reports about the organization of startups, the formation of research teams working to study the possibilities of using BT in the education system. Conclusions. The authors summarize the possibilities of using blockchain technologies in the field of education. The interdisciplinary approach and cooperation of educators with blockchain specialists will keep up with the booming digital technologies.
    Keywords:
    information technologies in education, digital economy, blockchain, blockchain technology in education, intellectual property, student identification
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