• Readiness of military units and subunits to carry out tasks for their intended purpose

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Authors:

  Elena V. Bogomolova, Sergei V. Kiselev, Alexei V. Fediushkin

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  The purpose of the study is to define the concept of “readiness of military units and subunits to perform tasks for their intended purpose”, its essence and structure, criteria and indicators for assessing the formation of readiness. Based on the analysis of the main documents in the field of security of the Russian Federation, psychological, pedagogical, scientific and military literature, documents in the field of readiness, professional readiness, combat training, readiness of military units and units to perform tasks for their intended purpose in a short time; the results of observations of the practice of training military units and units, conversations with teachers and officers the concept of “readiness of military units and military units to perform tasks for their intended purpose” has been clarified, which means integrative quality, due to their personal characteristics and determining the possibility of carrying out official tasks, acting in concert as part of a unit in various physical and geographical conditions and against any opponent, represented by a set of motivational-value, cognitive, operational and reflexive components.

  Keywords:

  readiness, military personnel of airborne units and units, tasks for their intended purpose

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• The Relation between Reading Strategy Use and Reading Performance among Students

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Authors:

  Musema Aman, Geremew Lemu

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between the use of reading strategies and reading achievement between high and low EFL university students in Ethiopia. To this effect, sixty students were selected (30 top high achievers and 30 least low achievers) using stratified sampling technique. The Survey of Reading Strategies and Reading Comprehension Test were employed to discover students’ reading strategy use, and to measure their reading ability respectively. Thus, thirty reading strategies of the survey and fifty reading comprehension questions were administered to students. The data gathered was statistically analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation. The findings of the study revealed that High achievers adopted a diverse and more reading strategies in higher frequency compared to low achievers. This difference between the groups was significant. The result also showed that there was a relationship between students’ three main strategies use (i.e., global, problem-solving and support reading strategies and their reading achievement). Based on the findings, it was recommended to raise awareness to enhance students' use of various strategies at higher frequency and the low achievers must be encouraged to use the reading strategies more frequently in general and global reading strategies in particular.

  Keywords:

  global, problem-solving and support reading strategies, correlational study and reading achievement

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• University lecture: experience of teaching chemistry to foreign students

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Authors:

  Irina A. Shtobbe, Olga V. Azarova

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  The article presents the experience of teaching chemistry to foreign students of a medical university. To facilitate the understanding of educational material in chemistry by foreign students, the didactic potential of university lectures has been expanded. Every year, Russian universities accept citizens from more than 170 countries to study. The annual growth in the number of foreign students corresponds to the national course for further integration into the educational and scientific community of the allied states. The relevance of the study is determined by the need of Russian universities to develop educational and methodological materials in a foreign language for training programs for foreign students. The aim of this study is to facilitate the understanding of lecture material, and, as a result, to increase the effectiveness of teaching chemistry to foreign students of a medical university through the use of an English-language course of lectures in the learning process. Within this work, using the method of students questionnaire survey, a pedagogical study of the attitude of foreign students to the use of a course of chemistry lectures in English was carried out. The study involved 80 foreign students of Altai State Medical University, citizens of far abroad countries. It was found that the described course of lectures minimizes the difficulties of foreign students' perception of large amounts of educational material (97.5% of respondents), increases the efficiency of independent work (92.5%), helps to overcome the language barrier when teaching in an intermediary language (67.5%), as a result, there is a general interest of foreign students in chemistry as a science (95%), facilitating of educational material understanding and an increase in academic performance (96.2% of those who successfully passed the exam in chemistry compared to 60% of students in the control group). Thus, we came to the conclusion that the use of a developed English-language course of lectures in the teaching chemistry makes it easier for students to perceive the lecture material and improve the quality of chemistry education for foreign students.

  Keywords:

  foreign students, English language, teaching chemistry, lecture course, pedagogical research

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• Designing a course “Written communication in a foreign language for academic and professional purposes”

  Short Communication

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Author:

  Irina V. Kochkareva

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  The article discusses the designing of an elective course for Master students of non-linguistic faculties “Written communication in a foreign language for academic and professional purposes”. The course is intended for second-year Masters both in humanities and sciences. The relevance of the topic is based on the fact that nowadays more and more Russian speaking researchers make attempts to publish their papers in international journals. To cope with this challenge, Russian universities should include a course of written communication in a foreign (English) language into their curricula. The author describes the structure of the course, gives links to the sources of materials used in the learning process, shares her own experience in conducting the elective. While preparing the publication, the following methods were used: 1) a survey of research teachers from all faculties of Perm State National Research University, which revealed the written genres they use in their academic and professional activities. 2) Analysis of the available literature on business correspondence and writing research articles in English. 3) Identification and systematization of recommendations for familiarization with the peculiarities of the English-speaking communicative culture. As a result of the work done, the genres of written communication most in demand for academic and professional activities were selected, which served as the basis for creating the structure of the described course.

  Keywords:

  communicative culture, research article, written communication, business correspondence, academic sphere

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• The "universal theme" and the "wandering plot" in literature: some reflections on borrowing and the originality of national literature

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Authors:

  Yuriy N. Isaev, Albina F. Myshkina

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  The scientific and technological progress of the 20th century (book publishing, radio and television broadcasting, cinematography, etc.) created all the possibilities for the rapid transmission and dissemination of not only socially significant, scientific and other information, but also of artistic and aesthetic thought. The purpose of this article is to identify the main factors contributing to artistic borrowing in literary works, and the reasons why similar phenomena (plot, theme, problem, etc.) are identified in literatures that are not in direct contact. The question of the originality of the work of fiction in modern culture becomes relevant, because it is an indicator of the uniqueness of the national philosophy and aesthetics. National literature is not only or not so much the language of narration, but also the problems, characters, conflicts and ways of solving them, typical for a particular people. Certainly, artistic techniques also matter, which are more related to general literary and general cultural phenomena.

  Keywords:

  borrowing, universal theme, wandering plot, Christian ethics, literary originality

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• Approbation of the Bachelor's preparation model for sports selection

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Author:

  Gennadii M. Nikolaev

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  The great importance of sports selection to increase the interest and motivation of the younger generation to go in for sports, identify the most promising athletes, achieve the highest results in the chosen sport by athletes, increase the competitiveness of domestic athletes on the world stage, require the training of highly qualified specialists who are able to carry out sports selection at various stages of a long-term training process and in different types of sports disciplines. But, the complexity and multidimensionality of sports selection, due to the wide variety of sports, complicates the process of creating a unified methodology for sports selection. This produces difficulties in the training of specialists capable of competent and effective implementation of the sports selection methodology. To overcome the formed contradiction between the high need of society for the implementation of sports selection and the lack of qualified specialists in physical culture, ready for the full and effective implementation of the sports selection methodology, we conducted a study. The purpose of the study is the development and implementation of pedagogical conditions that ensure the functioning of the model for the formation of bachelors' readiness in the direction of preparation “Physical culture” for the implementation of the sports selection methodology. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Mari State University in the period from 2017 to 2022, with the participation of 300 students of the Faculty of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism. In the course of the study, the methods of theoretical analysis, pedagogical experiment, control tests, questionnaires, and the proximetric method were applied. Conclusions. The results were obtained, indicating that the implementation of the developed pedagogical conditions contributes to a significant increase in the motivational, cognitive, activity and reflexive readiness of bachelors in the direction of training “Physical culture” to implement the methodology of sports selection.

  Keywords:

  pedagogical conditions, sports selection, readiness to implement the sports selection methodology, bachelor training, bachelor training model

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• Analysis of high school students' perceptions of tutors in the educational process

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Authors:

  Elena N. Luzgina, Milena E. Ivanova

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  There is a growing need for high-quality education that prepares students for the complex challenges of the modern world. As a result, the use of tutoring services is becoming increasingly common in the education system. However, it is necessary to study the opinions of high school students about the role of tutors and the use of their services in the educational process to determine the effectiveness of this approach. The relevance of this research lies in determining high school students' perceptions of tutors' role in the educational process. High school students are a key group of tutoring service consumers, and their opinions about tutors' role in the educational process may influence decisions about using such services. In this study, a survey method was used. The survey questions addressed students' opinions about tutors' role in the educational process, as well as their personal experience with using tutoring services. The analysis of the data showed that high school students generally have positive attitudes towards tutors and consider them important helpers in the learning process. Most of the survey participants noted positive results from using tutoring services, such as improved academic performance and confidence in their knowledge. However, some drawbacks of using tutoring services were also identified, such as high cost, mismatch of the tutor's and student's knowledge levels, and insufficient effectiveness in some cases. The use of tutoring services can be an effective tool for improving academic performance and motivation among high school students, but the drawbacks and limitations of this approach should be taken into account. The results of this study can be useful for school administrations, parents, and high school students in making decisions about using tutoring services in the educational process.

  Keywords:

  educational process, motivation to learn, school, academic performance, high school students, tutors

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• Use of museum resources in forming readiness to perform material functions in higher school students (by the example of the Chuvash Republic)

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Author:

  Inna V. Illarionova

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  The article is devoted to the problem of formation of readiness to perform maternal functions among students of a higher educational institution. The purpose of the work is to consider the role and possibilities of museums in solving this problem. The material for the study was the content of events held on the basis of the National Museum of the city of Cheboksary, namely tutor workshops. Based on the use of methods of theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem, as well as systematization and generalization of work experience, the pedagogical potential of the Chuvash National Museum in the formation of readiness to perform maternal functions among students was revealed. The article emphasizes the importance of carrying out work in this direction, notes the leading role of museums in solving the problem of forming constructive maternal behavior in girls. The museum is considered as an educational center designed to implement the process of transferring cultural norms and experience of generations that are in demand in society at a certain stage of its functioning. The article describes the experience of introducing the tutor workshop “Motherhood” into the work of the national museum. The conclusions emphasize the importance of involving students in the work of a tutor workshop aimed at forming a value attitude towards motherhood.

  Keywords:

  motherhood, maternal behavior, readiness to perform maternal functions, higher school students, educational activities, tutor workshop

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• Periodization of the development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities in the RSFSR (1917 – early 1930s.)

  Review Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Author:

  Olga V. Bodenova

  Work direction:

  Pedagogy and Modern Education

  Abstract:

  The article presents the results of studying the organization of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities in the RSFSR. The purpose of the study was to study the development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities in the RSFSR. Methods – analysis, comparison, generalization of archival and published sources, regulatory documents. The result of the study was the periodization of the development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities in the RSFSR. The chronological boundaries of the study define the stages of development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities: the indicative stage (1917–1923), the stage of formation (1923–1927), the stage of sustainable development (1928 – early 1930s.). Within each stage, the directions of development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities are highlighted and characterized: formation of management bodies for public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities, agitation and propaganda, creation of a network of preschool institutions, determination of the purpose and content of educational work, professional training of personnel for national preschool institutions. The results of the study deepen scientific knowledge on the history of the development of the Soviet system of public preschool education, expand the representation of the history of the development of the system of professional and additional education for the training of educators.

  Keywords:

  public preschool education, content of education, children of national minority, periodization of the development of preschool education, purpose of education, ideologization of education

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• The image of the crisis situation as viewed by Belarusian students

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Authors:

  Natalia G. Novak, Anna N. Zakharova

  Work direction:

  Psychology in Education

  Abstract:

  Introduction. A crisis situation is a broad notion that includes a crisis event that caused life difficulties, the crisis state experienced, the person himself as the subject of the situation and other participants in it, as well as other internal and external circumstances. Stress resistance and human behavior in a crisis situation are largely determined by the way a person evaluates what is happening. The selection of significant events from the context of the situation largely depends on the person's perception of what is happening. The aim of the research is to study the image of a crisis situation and its consequences on the basis of students' perceptions. Materials and methods. The research involved 1st-4th year students studying in the educational institution “F. Skorina Gomel State University”. The sample of research was composed of 369 students (181 boys and 188 girls) aged from 16 to 24. The average age of the respondents was 18.6. As a psychodiagnostic toolkit was used the original method “Image of a crisis situation” (N.G. Novak). Results of the research and their discussion. The analysis of respondents' perceptions revealed the image of a crisis event, the image of a crisis condition, as well as perceptions of possible consequences of experiencing a crisis event. Conclusions: modern Belarusian students reflect a crisis event as sudden, destructive, undesirable, unusual, unexpected, abrupt, threatening, useless, excessive, takes away strength, a person feels a sense of internal tension, a sense of internal instability, confusion, lack of control over the situation, depletion of adaptive resources, understands that something needs to be done, that something needs to be done (it will not resolve itself), but does not know exactly how to behave, feels the need for support, and asks for help himself, ready to support and help others; key signs of a crisis state: timid, angry, sad, tired, excited, sensitive, gloomy, upset, annoyed, agitated, emotionally unstable, a sense of injustice, senselessness, misunderstanding of what is happening, anxiety, confusion, hatred, quiet, silent, honest, noble, dependent, lost, intelligent, passive; positive and negative poles are defined, reflecting the likely consequences of the process of experiencing a crisis event.

  Keywords:

  experience, crisis event, crisis situation, coping, semantic differential

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• Formation of educational motivation of younger schoolchildren in conditions of different technical equipment of the educational process

  Research Article

  

  Development of education Volume 6 No 2

  Authors:

  Viktoria V. Usoltseva, Natalia G. Pidtsan, Alexandra V. Dorokhova

  Work direction:

  Psychology in Education

  Abstract:

  The article presents an analysis of the formation of educational motivation of younger schoolchildren in conditions of different technical equipment of the educational process. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that in the modern world there is an active development of new technologies. Competent use of technical equipment in the educational process can only develop students' interest in obtaining knowledge, thereby increasing their level of educational motivation. The purpose of the study is to study the formation of educational motivation of younger schoolchildren in conditions of different technical equipment of the educational process. The authors hypothesized that younger schoolchildren studying in conditions of good technical equipment of the educational process have a higher level of motivation for educational activities. The sample set of the study was made up of students of the 2nd and 4th grades of budgetary educational institutions “secondary school №. 124”, “secondary school № 30”. The stages and the complex of psychological techniques are described. Features of conducting and results of the study of educational motivation of students of schools with different technical equipment. The study was conducted by testing the typology of teaching motives, assessing school motivation and its level in elementary school students. In conclusion, the article presents conclusions about the presence of differences in the educational motivation of students in different conditions of technical equipment. It was found that students of the 2nd grades in the conditions of modern equipment of the educational process are more motivated to study.

  Keywords:

  motivation, junior schoolchildren, educational motivation, technical equipment of the educational process, transformation of the educational environment

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