Development of education Развитие образования Development of education Вĕренӳ аталанăвĕ 2619-1466 2618-8910 ИД «Среда» 10.31483/r-103975 ECWDMS 103975 Обзорная статья Review Article Тишкер статйи Педагогика и современное образование Pedagogy and Modern Education Педагогика тата хальхи вĕренӳ Физическая подготовка гимнасток высокого класса в контексте системы оценки в спортивной гимнастике Female artistic gymnasts’ conditioning under the background of the Code of Points Спорт гимнастикинче хак памалли системӑна шута илсе пысăк класлă гимнасткăсен ӳт-пĕвне çирĕплетсе аталантарни https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7501-930X Тупоногова Ольга Васильевна Tuponogova Olga Vasilevna Тупоногова Ольга Васильевна

канд. пед. наук, научный сотрудник

candidate of pedagogic sciences, research fellow

канд. пед. наук

 olga.tuponogova@yandex.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5055-0997 Арансон Максим Всеволодович Aranson Maksim Vsevolodovich Арансон Максим Всеволодович

канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

candidate of biological sciences, leading research fellow

канд. биол. наук

 aranson.m.v@vniifk.ru ФГБУ «Федеральный научный центр физической культуры и спорта» Россия Federal Science Center of Physical Culture and Sport Russia 23 03 2023 2023 6 1 34 41 27 10 2022 20 03 2023 © 2023 Olga V. Tuponogova, Maksim V. Aranson © 2023 Тупоногова О. В., Арансон М. В. © 2023 Тупоногова О. В., Арансон М. В. 2023 Тупоногова О. В., Арансон М. В. Olga V. Tuponogova, Maksim V. Aranson Тупоногова О. В., Арансон М. В. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Ку статья Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) лицензипе пӑхӑнать

программы выступлений в спортивной гимнастике строятся с учётом системы оценки, которая в настоящее время ориентирована на сложность программ. Необходимость освоения новых элементов высокой категории сложности и максимального насыщения ими своих выступлений приводит к росту требований к физической подготовленности гимнасток. Цель исследования состояла в выявлении особенностей физической подготовки гимнасток высокого класса, определяемых современной системой оценки в спортивной гимнастике, по материалам зарубежных научных публикаций. Методы исследования: контент-анализ научных публикаций по спортивной гимнастике за период 2018–2022 гг. Из выявленных при предварительном поиске статей было отобрано 34 работы, в наибольшей мере характеризующих связь различных сторон подготовленности с результативностью. Выявлено, что на современном этапе развития методики физической подготовки в спортивной гимнастике её основу составляет силовая подготовка. Выбор методики силовой подготовки определяется приоритетной дисциплиной в соревновательной программе гимнастки. Исполнение программ высокой категории сложности на разновысоких брусьях требует исключительной силы мышц верхних отделов туловища и верхних конечностей, в вольных упражнениях – максимальной мощности ног и специальной выносливости, в опорном прыжке – развитых скоростных качеств, на бревне – контроля равновесия.

competitive routines in artistic gymnastics are composed according to the Code of Points, which current variant highly encourages program difficulty. The need to acquire new elements of a high difficulty value and incorporate them tightly in their routines increases stress on gymnasts’ conditioning, based on materials of modern scientific works. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of the current code of points in artistic gymnastics on elite gymnasts’ conditioning. Strength training makes basis to conditioning in modern artistic gymnastics. Its choice should be dictated by an athlete’s dominant discipline. In order to satisfy modern difficulty requirements in one’s performance on uneven bars one needs exceptional upper body and upper limbs strength, in floor exercises – developed leg power and special endurance, in vault – high degree of speed, on balance beam – the ability to balance.

спорт гимнастикинче кăтартакан программӑсене хальхи вӑхӑтра программа кӑткӑслӑхне шута илекен хаклав системине пăхса йĕркелеççĕ. Питĕ кăткăс ҫӗнӗ элементсене алла илес тата вӗсене май килнӗ таран ытларах программăна кĕртес тесен гимнасткăсен ӳтпĕвне лайăхрах аталантармалла, çирĕплетмелле. Тӗпчев тӗллевӗ – хальхи вӑхӑтри спорт гимнастикинче усă куракан хаклав системине шута илсе ют ҫӗршывсенче пичетленнĕ ăслăлăх ĕçĕсен материалӗсем тӑрӑх пысăк класлă гимнасткăсен ӳтпĕвне çирĕплетсе аталантармалли уйрӑмлӑхсене тупса палӑртасси. Тӗпчев меслечӗсем: спорт гимнастикипе çыхăннă 2018–2022 ҫулсенче пичетленнĕ ăслăлăх ĕçĕсене тишкерсе тухни. Пирвайхи шырав вӑхӑтӗнче тĕл пулнă статьясенчен 34 ӗҫ суй-ласа илнӗ. Вĕсем спортсменкăсем пысăк результат кăтартнипе ӳтпӳ тӗрлӗ енлӗн аталанни пĕр-пĕринпе ҫыхӑнса тӑнине туллин кăтартаççĕ. Спорт гимнастики аталанăвĕ меслетлĕхĕн хальхи вăхăтри тăрăмĕ ӳтпĕве çирĕплетес ĕçре вăйхала аталантарни пысăк пĕлтерĕшлĕ пулнине кăтартса панӑ. Гимнасткӑн ӑмӑрту программинче вӑйхала аталантармалли меслетлĕх чи кирлĕ, приоритетлӑ дисциплина шутланать. Питĕ кăткăс программӑсене пурнăçланă чухне гимнастка ӳт-пĕвĕн пĕтĕм мышци вăйлă пулни пĕлтерĕшлĕ: расна шайри пăрăссем (бруссем) ҫинче тĕрлĕ хăнăхтару пурнăçлама ӳтпӗвӗн ҫӳлти пайӗсемпе алă, хул мышцисене вăйлă аталантармалла; ирӗклӗ упражненисене пурнăçланă чух питĕ вăйлă урасем тата чӑтӑмлӑх малти вырăнта тăраççĕ; тĕревлĕ сикĕ пурнăçланă чухне хӑвӑртлăх кирлĕ; пӗренесем ҫинче хăнăхтару пурнăçлама ӳтпĕве тӳрĕ, шайлашуллă, пĕр тан тытма пĕлмелле.

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