<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd"> <article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xml:lang="ru"> <front> <journal-meta> <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Development of education</journal-id> <journal-title-group> <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Развитие образования</journal-title> <trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of education</trans-title></trans-title-group> <trans-title-group xml:lang="cv"><trans-title>Вĕренӳ аталанăвĕ</trans-title></trans-title-group> </journal-title-group> <issn pub-type="ppub">2619-1466</issn> <issn pub-type="epub">2618-8910</issn>  <publisher> <publisher-name>ИД «Среда»</publisher-name> </publisher>  </journal-meta> <article-meta>  <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31483/r-152552</article-id>   <article-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">HFODQX</article-id>  <article-id custom-type="publisher-id" pub-id-type="custom">152552</article-id>   <article-categories>  <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type" xml:lang="ru"> <subject>Обзорная статья</subject> </subj-group>   <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type" xml:lang="en"> <subject>Review Article</subject> </subj-group>   <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type" xml:lang="cv"> <subject>Тишкер статйи</subject> </subj-group>   <subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="ru"> <subject>Педагогика и современное образование</subject> </subj-group>   <subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="en"> <subject>Pedagogy and Modern Education</subject> </subj-group>   <subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="cv"> <subject>Педагогика тата хальхи вĕренӳ</subject> </subj-group>  </article-categories>  <title-group>  <article-title>Формирование критического мышления у будущих учителей иностранных языков через генеративные языковые модели: систематический обзор эмпирических исследований</article-title>   <trans-title-group xml:lang="en"> <trans-title>Developing Critical Thinking in Future Foreign Language Teachers Through Generative Language Models: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies</trans-title> </trans-title-group>  <trans-title-group xml:lang="cv"> <trans-title>Ют чĕлхе вĕрентме хатĕрленекенсен критикăллă шухăшлавĕ пуплевĕн ҫĕнĕ моделĕсен витĕмĕпе аталанни: чăн калаҫăва тĕпченин системăллă тишкерĕвĕ</trans-title> </trans-title-group>  </title-group> <contrib-group>   <contrib contrib-type="author" id="author1"> <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4499-1179</contrib-id>  <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Чусовлянова</surname> <given-names>Светлана Викторовна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Chusovlianova</surname> <given-names>Svetlana Viktorovna</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="cv"> <surname>Чусовлянова</surname> <given-names>Светлана Викторовна</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>      <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. социол. наук, доцент</p></bio>    <bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of sociological sciences, associate professor</p></bio>    <bio xml:lang="cv"><p>канд. социол. наук, доценчĕ</p></bio>  <email xlink:type="simple">cl0506@yandex.ru</email> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/> </contrib>   <contrib contrib-type="author" id="author2"> <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-5137</contrib-id>  <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Жарикова</surname> <given-names>Елена Геннадьевна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Zharikova</surname> <given-names>Elena Gennadevna</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="cv"> <surname>Жарикова</surname> <given-names>Елена Геннадьевна</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>      <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. пед. наук, доцент</p></bio>    <bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of pedagogic sciences, associate professor</p></bio>    <bio xml:lang="cv"><p>канд. пед. наук, доценчĕ</p></bio>   <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/> </contrib>    <aff-alternatives id="aff1">   <aff xml:lang="ru">  <institution-wrap> <institution-id institution-id-type="ror">02v157r64</institution-id> <institution>Сибирский государственный университет путей сообщения</institution> </institution-wrap>   <country>Россия</country>  </aff>    <aff xml:lang="en">  <institution-wrap> <institution-id institution-id-type="ror">02v157r64</institution-id> <institution>Siberian Transport University</institution> </institution-wrap>   <country>Russia</country>  </aff>    <aff xml:lang="cv">  <institution-wrap> <institution-id institution-id-type="ror">02v157r64</institution-id> <institution>Çĕпĕр патшалăх чукун çул университечĕ</institution> </institution-wrap>     </aff>   </aff-alternatives>  </contrib-group>  <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-03-23"> <day>23</day> <month>03</month> <year>2026</year> </pub-date>   <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026"> <year>2026</year> </pub-date>  <volume>9</volume> <issue>1</issue> <fpage>78</fpage> <lpage>86</lpage>  <history>  <date date-type="received"> <day>09</day> <month>12</month> <year>2025</year> </date>   <date date-type="accepted"> <day>17</day> <month>03</month> <year>2026</year> </date>  </history>   <permissions>  <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2026 Svetlana V. Chusovlianova, Elena G. Zharikova</copyright-statement>   <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2026 Чусовлянова С. В., Жарикова Е. Г.</copyright-statement>   <copyright-statement xml:lang="cv">© 2026 Чусовлянова С. В., Жарикова Е. Г.</copyright-statement>  <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>  <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чусовлянова С. В., Жарикова Е. Г.</copyright-holder>   <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Svetlana V. Chusovlianova, Elena G. Zharikova</copyright-holder>   <copyright-holder xml:lang="cv">Чусовлянова С. В., Жарикова Е. Г.</copyright-holder>   <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en" xlink:type="simple"> <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p> </license>   <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="ru" xlink:type="simple"> <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p> </license>   <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="cv" xlink:type="simple"> <license-p>Ку статья Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) лицензипе пӑхӑнать</license-p> </license>  </permissions>    <abstract> <p>в условиях цифровой трансформации образования актуализируется проблема формирования критического мышления у будущих педагогов, особенно в контексте массового внедрения генеративного искусственного интеллекта в учебный процесс. В данной работе представлен систематический обзор эмпирических исследований (2019–2025 гг.), посвященный анализу педагогического потенциала генеративных языковых моделей (на примере ChatGPT-подобных систем) для развития критического мышления у студентов педагогических вузов, обучающихся по профилю «Иностранный язык». Работа носит характер вторичного анализа: в ней не представлены оригинальные экспериментальные данные авторов, а осуществляется синтез результатов 10 опубликованных в рецензируемых журналах эмпирических и теоретико-эмпирических исследований из России, Китая, Саудовской Аравии и других стран. Анализ литературы показал, что эффективное использование нейросети способствует развитию ключевых операций критического мышления (анализа, оценки, синтеза и рефлексии – при условии применения специальных методик: сравнительно-критического анализа ИИ-контента, проектного обучения, письменной рефлексии и академических дебатов. Одновременно систематизированы основные риски интеграции искусственного интеллекта: когнитивная лень, академическая нечестность и недостоверность генерируемой информации. Подчеркивается необходимость формирования у студентов цифровой и критической грамотности как условия осознанного взаимодействия с ИИ-генерируемым контентом, а также трансформации роли преподавателя от источника знаний к фасилитатору рефлексивно-дискурсивной среды. Обзор вносит вклад в теорию цифровой педагогики, предлагая этически и методически обоснованный подход к использованию генеративных моделей в профессиональной подготовке педагогов-филологов.</p> </abstract>      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en"> <p>in the context of digital transformation in education, the development of critical thinking among future teachers has become increasingly urgent due to widespread integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) into teaching and learning processes. This paper presents a systematic review of empirical studies (2019–2025) that examine the pedagogical potential of generative language models for fostering critical thinking among students in teacher education programs. This work constitutes a secondary analysis; it synthesizes findings from ten peer-reviewed empirical and theory-informed empirical studies conducted in Russia, China, Saudi Arabia, and other countries. The literature analysis reveals that effective use of neural network-based AI tools can support the development of core critical thinking operations provided that specific pedagogical strategies are employed. At the same time, the review systematically identifies key risks associated with AI integration: cognitive laziness, academic dishonesty, and the unreliability of generated information. The paper emphasizes the necessity of cultivating students’ digital and critical literacy as a prerequisite for mindful engagement with AI-generated content, as well as the transformation of the teacher’s role from a knowledge transmitter to a facilitator of a reflective-discursive learning environment. This systematic review contributes to the theory of digital pedagogy by proposing an approach to integrating generative AI models into the professional training of language teachers.</p> </trans-abstract>    <trans-abstract xml:lang="cv"> <p>Пулас педагогсен критикăллă шухăшлавне аталантарасси уйрăмах вĕренĕве цифра ĕлкине куҫарнă май пĕлтерĕшлĕрен те пĕлтерĕшлĕ пулса пырать. Вĕренӳре ăсталăх (цифра) интеллекчĕпе усă курнă пирки çакă уйрăмах ӳсет. Ку ĕҫре практика материалне тĕпченине (2019–2025 ҫулсем) системăллă тишкерсе панă. Тишкерĕве педагогсене хатĕрлекен аслă шкулсен «Урăх ҫĕр-шыв чĕлхи» профилĕн студенчĕсен критикăллă шухăшлавне чĕлхен пуплевре тĕл пулакан ҫĕнĕ ChatGPT йышши системăллă ĕлкисемпе (моделĕсемпе) усă курса аталантарассине халалланă. Ĕҫ иккĕмĕш тишкерӳ майлă: кунта авторсен ятарласа тунă эксперимент кăтартăвĕсем ҫук, анчах Раҫҫей, Китай, Сауд Аравийĕ тата ытти ҫĕр-шыв ученăйĕсен рецензилекен журналсенче пичетленнĕ 10 тĕпчевĕ ҫине таянса пĕтĕмлетнĕ. Литературăна тишкернĕ тăрăх – нейросетьпе тухăҫлă усă курни ятарлă меслетсемпе (танлаштарупа критикăллă ИИ контент тишкерӳпе, проект вĕрентĕвĕпе, ҫырса хуравланипе, академи тавлашăвĕпе) усă курсан критикăллă шухăшлавăн тĕп операцийĕсене – тишкерĕве, хаклава, пĕрлештерĕве (синтеза) тата рефлексие аталантарма пулăшать тесе ҫирĕплетме пулать. Çав вăхăтрах, çын хайланă ăс-хакăлтан (ИИ) килекен йăнăшсене (шухăшлав наянлăхне, ăслăлăх (академи) чыссăрлăхне, аталану ҫинчен калакан информацин тĕрĕс марлăхне) системăланă. Студентсен цифра тата критика пĕлĕвне аталантарса ИИ контентпа ҫыхăнса ĕҫлеме пулăшакан лару-тару тума сăлтав пур тесе тата ҫак ĕҫ-хĕл преподаватель пĕлӳ ҫăл куҫĕнчен фасилионтатора (ушкăн ĕҫне ертсе пыракана) куҫнине ăнланса илме май паракан пысăк пĕлтерешлĕ услови пулса тăрать тесе палăртнă. Тĕрлĕрен тĕпчеве тĕрлĕ енчен пăхса тишкерни кăмăл-сипетпе меслетлĕх енчен ĕненӳллĕ мел тупса педагогикăн цифра теорине ҫĕнĕлĕх кĕртет, филолог педагогсене професси енчен хатĕрлеме – хальччен пулман модедьсемпе усă курма май парать.</p> </trans-abstract>     <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">  <kwd>активное обучение</kwd>  <kwd>педагогическая подготовка</kwd>  <kwd>критическое мышление</kwd>  <kwd>искусственный интеллект в образовании</kwd>  <kwd>будущие учителя иностранных языков</kwd>  <kwd>рефлексивное обучение</kwd>  </kwd-group>    <kwd-group xml:lang="en">  <kwd>critical thinking</kwd>  <kwd>teacher training</kwd>  <kwd>active learning</kwd>  <kwd>artificial intelligence in education</kwd>  <kwd>future foreign language teachers</kwd>  <kwd>reflective learning</kwd>  </kwd-group>    <kwd-group xml:lang="cv">  <kwd>критикăллă шухăшлав</kwd>  <kwd>пуласлăхра тăван мар чĕлхе вĕрентекен учительсем</kwd>  <kwd>вĕренӳре усă куракан çын хайланă ăс-хакăл (çын хайланă интеллект)</kwd>  <kwd>педагогика ĕҫне хатĕрленни</kwd>  <kwd>рефлекслă (хуравлă) вĕрентӳ</kwd>  <kwd>хастарлă вĕрентӳ</kwd>  </kwd-group>      <custom-meta-group>  <custom-meta> <meta-name>author-orcid</meta-name> <meta-value>0000-0003-4499-1179 (Svetlana V. Chusovlianova)</meta-value> </custom-meta>  <custom-meta> <meta-name>author-orcid</meta-name> <meta-value>0000-0001-9205-5137 (Elena G. Zharikova)</meta-value> </custom-meta>  </custom-meta-group>  </article-meta> </front>  <back> <ref-list> <title>References</title>  <ref id="ref1"> <label>1</label> <citation-alternatives>  <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волегжанина И. С., Чусовлянова С. В. Нейросетевой машинный перевод в обучении иностранному языку в техническом вузе // Russian journal of education and psychology. 2024. Том 15. № 5. С. 157-180. DOI 10.12731/2658-4034-2024-15-5SE-640. EDN FTWUMR</mixed-citation>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volegzhanina, I. S., Chusovlyanova, S. V. (2024). Neural network machine translation in foreign language teaching in technical university. Russian journal of education and psychology, 15(5), 157-180. 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